Stan Boutin has climbed more than 5,000 spruce trees in the last 30 years. He has often returned to the forest floor knowing if a ball of twigs and moss within the tree contained newborn red squirrel ...
Spruce trees provide two types of food; cones like this one that contain seeds for birds to eat and needles that caterpillars eat. / BILL DANIELSON / For the Gazette Sign up for the Gazette's morning ...
Spruce bark beetles don’t just tolerate their host tree’s chemical defenses—they actively reshape them into stronger ...
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