Caldera is a port city and commune in the Copiapó Province of the Atacama Region in northern Chile. It has a harbor protected by break…Caldera is a port city and commune in the Copiapó Province of the Atacama Region in northern Chile. It has a harbor protected by breakwaters, being the port city for the productive mining district centering on Copiapó to which it is connected by the first railroad constructed in Chile.